reflection index

* * *

1) Aviation: ground reflection coefficient

2) Naval: reflection power

3) Engineering: mismatch factor, radiant reflectance, reflection index, reflection ratio, reflectivity, return loss, transition factor

4) Metallurgy: reflecting power

5) Telecommunications: reflectance factor

6) Textile: reflectivity (при испытании глянца ткани)

7) Electronics: coefficient of reflection

8) Information technology: index of refraction, reflective index (в оптическом волокне)

9) Oil: reflectance, reflection coefficient, reflection factor, reflectivity factor

10) Astronautics: return factor

11) Makarov: mismatching factor, radiant reflectivity, relative reflectivity

12) Security: scene reflection

13) General subject: reflection code

1.coefficient 2.factor 3.index 4.ratio

 

аналитическая группа
—
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• reflection group

 

зона отражения
Зона отражения представляет собой область непосредственно перед антенной, которая требуется для отражения компоненты земной отраженной волны (МСЭ-R F.1610).
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• reflection zone

1 to consider (pensar en).

bien considerado, creo que tienes razón on reflection, I think you're right

El chico considera a su madre The boy has regard for=considers his mother.

Ricardo considera la propuesta de María Richard considers Ann's proposal.

2 to esteem, to treat with respect.

3 to consider to.

Ella considera mejor ir al teatro She considers best to go to the theater.

4 to consider oneself to.

Considero estar listo I consider myself to be ready.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 (reflexionar) to consider, think over, think about

■ debes considerar seriamente mi petición you should consider my request seriously

2 (tomar en consideración) to take into account

■ considera todas las ventajas take all the advantages into account

3 (respetar) to treat with consideration, respect

4 (juzgar) to judge, regard, deem

► verbo pronominal considerarse

1 to consider oneself

\

considerando que considering that, considering

* * *

1) to consider

2) deem

* * *

1. VT

1) (=reflexionar sobre) to consider

2) (=tener en cuenta)

3) (=creer)

4) (Jur)

considerarse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <asunto/posibilidad/oferta> to consider; <ventajas/consecuencias> to weigh up, consider

b) (frml) ( tratar con respeto) to show consideration for, to consider

2) (frml) (juzgar, creer) (+ compl) to consider

considerarse v pron persona ( juzgarse) (+ compl) to consider oneself

* * *

= consider (as), contemplate, deem, envisage, judge, look at, perceive, reckon, regard as, see as, take into + consideration, take to + be, treat, view, weigh, take + stock of, see, look to as, see about, look upon, give + (some) thought to, have + regard for, class, hold out as, weigh up, look toward(s), flirt, adjudge, believe, look to.

Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.

Ex. These details are primarily useful as a record of expenditure or to organisations or individuals contemplating the purchase of a work.

Ex. If a corporate body is deemed to have some intellectual responsibility for the content of a work, then the name of that body will usually feature as a heading on either a main or added entry.

Ex. It is fairly common to have to modify a standard list, or compile a fresh list when a new application is envisaged.

Ex. Nevertheless, whatever the basis for the major enumerative schemes they must be judged for their suitability for application in current libraries.

Ex. This article looks at three interrelated issues regarding on-line services based on the recent literature.

Ex. Many of the early systems were perceived as replacements for manual techniques.

Ex. Book form is easy to use, readable, and reckoned to be an acceptable format for many users.

Ex. In particular LCC has been regarded as suitable for the classification of large general libraries, and specifically those large libraries that have been established for research purposes.

Ex. It is easiest to see the comments in this section as pertaining to controlled indexing languages.

Ex. A certain number of days is to be added to today's date to calculate the date due, taking into consideration the dates the library is closed.

Ex. An abridgement is usually taken to be a condensation that necessarily omits a number of secondary points.

Ex. In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.

Ex. Many librarians viewed AACR1 as such a significant improvement upon its predecessors, that they were content.

Ex. Examines the advantages and disadvantages of approval plans suggesting that each library must carefully weigh them in order to determine its own best course of action.

Ex. The conference took stock of development within information technology, outlined new ways for its use and presented projects.

Ex. When balls were compared with rollers in the ninenteenth century, their chief disadvantage was seen to be their cost: they were relatively uneconomical of ink.

Ex. From the impressive library of his mansion home on Beacon Hill, Ticknor ruled over Boston's intellectual life and was looked to as the leading arbiter of intellectual and social life in that great city.

Ex. The head of reference told me that he's going to see about a dress code for the staff, prohibiting slacks for women.

Ex. Ticknor, we are told, was a liberal and democrat who welcomed change and looked upon human nature with great optimism.

Ex. I encourage the reader to give thought to the longer case studies that have appeared in the library press.

Ex. The apparent success of the project suggests it can be used or adapted for other members of the beef industry, having regard for their particular circumstances = El aparente éxito del proyecto sugiere que se puede utilizar o adaptar para otros miembros de la industria del ganado bovino, teniendo en cuenta sus circunstancias particulares.

Ex. 30 million Americans are classed as functionally illiterate.

Ex. Community information services seem light years away from the kind of electronic wizardry that is held out as the brave new information world of tomorrow.

Ex. The author weighs up whether a dumbing down has taken place in the UK tabloid and broadsheet press.

Ex. Libraries are looking towards some sort of cooperative system.

Ex. The author examines key passages in the 1941 Nietzsche lectures where Heidegger appears to flirt with the possibility of a more primordial sense of existence.

Ex. National library associations should look for sponsors who will publish manuscripts they have adjudged to have met international standards.

Ex. The preferred citation order should be that order which is believed to match the approach of many users who can be expected to retrieve information on the topic.

Ex. If you're looking to refinish and waterproof some outdoor furniture you might want to consider using teak oil.

----

* bien considerado = all things considered.

* considerando = in view of.

* considerar adecuado = judge + suitable, consider + appropriate.

* considerar Algo = be under consideration.

* considerar apropiado = consider + appropriate.

* considerar como = class.

* considerar como posible = entertain as + a possibility.

* considerar desde una perspectiva = hold + perspective on.

* considerar en detalle = consider + at length.

* considerar en su justa medida = see + in proportion.

* considerar importante = hold + Nombre + dear.

* considerar + Infinitivo = view as + Gerundio.

* considerar la posibilidad = entertain + the possibility.

* considerar las consecuencias = weigh + implications.

* considerar las posibilidades de algo = consider + possibilities.

* considerar oportuno = consider + appropriate.

* considerar peligroso = see + danger.

* considerar pertinente = consider + appropriate.

* considerar que significa = take to + mean.

* considerarse = be known as, set + Reflexivo + up as, go down as.

* considerarse afortunado = consider + Reflexivo + lucky, count + Reflexivo + lucky, think + Reflexivo + lucky.

* considerar un problema = consider + problem.

* merecer la pena considerar más detalladamente = repay + full consideration.

* seguir considerando = consider + further.

* volver a considerar = reconsider.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <asunto/posibilidad/oferta> to consider; <ventajas/consecuencias> to weigh up, consider

b) (frml) ( tratar con respeto) to show consideration for, to consider

2) (frml) (juzgar, creer) (+ compl) to consider

considerarse v pron persona ( juzgarse) (+ compl) to consider oneself

* * *

* * *

considerar [A1 ]

1 ‹asunto/posibilidad› to consider; ‹oferta› to consider, give … consideration; ‹ventajas/consecuencias› to weigh up, consider

considera los pros y los contras weigh up the pros and cons

bien considerado, creo que … all things considered, I think that …

tenemos que considerar que ésta es su primera infracción we must take into account that this is her first offense

considerando que ha estado enfermo considering (that) he's been ill

2 ( frml) (tratar con respeto) to show consideration for, to consider

B ( frml) (juzgar, creer) (+ compl) to consider

fue considerado como una provocación it was considered (to be) o ( frml) deemed (to be) provocative

eso se considera de mala educación that's considered bad manners

considero casi imposible que podamos llegar a un acuerdo I believe it is o I consider it to be almost impossible for us to reach an agreement

se le considera responsable del secuestro he is believed to be responsible for the kidnapping

está muy bien considerado he is very highly regarded

«persona» (juzgarse) (+ compl) to consider oneself

se considera afortunado he considers himself (to be) very fortunate o lucky

* * *

◊ considerando que ha estado enfermo considering (that) he's been ill;

* * *

♦ vt

1. [pensar en] to consider;

hay que considerar que es la primera vez que lo intentamos you should take into account that this is the first time we've tried to do it;

consideré la posibilidad de presentarme, pero al final desistí I thought about applying but in the end I gave up the idea

2. [juzgar, estimar] to believe, to think;

no quiso considerar mi propuesta she wouldn't consider my proposal;

bien considerado, creo que tienes razón on reflection, I think you're right;

considero que se han equivocado I believe they've made a mistake

3. [respetar] to esteem, to treat with respect;

sus compañeros lo consideran mucho his colleagues have a high regard for him o think highly of him

♦ See also the pronominal verb considerarse

* * *

v/t consider

* * *

considerar vt

1) : to consider, to think over

2) : to judge, to deem

3) : to treat with respect

* * *

considerar vb

1. (relexionar) to consider / to think about [pt. & pp. thought]

2. (juzgar) to regard / to think

m < opt> ■ reflectivity; index of reflectivity; reflective factor; reflection ratio

m ISO 13666 < opt> (Verhältnis des reflektierten Lichtstroms zum auftreffenden) ■ reflectance ISO 13666

m < phys> ■ reflection coefficient; reflection factor

* * *

коэффицие́нт при … — the coefficient of …

коэффицие́нт учи́тывает (напр. трение, турбулентность и т. п.) — the coefficient corrects for (e. g., friction, turbulence, etc.)

коэффицие́нт абрази́вности — abrasion factor

коэффицие́нт абсо́рбции — absorption factor, absorptance, absorptivity

коэффицие́нт авари́йного просто́я — emergency shut-down coefficient

аку́стико-электри́ческий коэффицие́нт — acoustic-electric factor, acousto-electric index

коэффицие́нт амплиту́дного искаже́ния — amplitude distortion factor

коэффицие́нт амплиту́ды (напряжения тока и т. п.) — peak factor

коэффицие́нт амплиту́ды и́мпульса — crest factor of a pulse

коэффицие́нт анаморфо́зы опт. — anamorphic ratio, anamorphosing factor

коэффицие́нт асимме́трии индикатри́сы рассе́яния — scattering indicatrix, asymmetry coefficient

барометри́ческий коэффицие́нт — barometric coefficient

коэффицие́нт бегу́щей волны́ — travelling-wave factor

коэффицие́нт безопа́сности — safety factor, margin of safety

коэффицие́нт безопа́сности по отноше́нию к … — factor of safety on …

коэффицие́нт блокиро́вки вчт. — blocking factor

бу́квенный коэффицие́нт вчт. — literal coefficient

коэффицие́нт быстрохо́дности ( гидротурбины) — specific speed, type characteristic

вариацио́нный коэффицие́нт — coefficient of variation

коэффицие́нт вертика́льной полноты́ мор. — vertical prismatic coefficient

весово́й коэффицие́нт — weight coefficient, weight factor

коэффицие́нт взаи́мной инду́кции — mutual inductance

коэффицие́нт ви́димости — visibility factor

коэффицие́нт вихрево́го сопротивле́ния — eddy-making resistance coefficient

коэффицие́нт влия́ния ко́рпуса мор. — hull efficiency

коэффицие́нт возвра́та — reset ratio

коэффицие́нт возвра́та тепла́ — reheat factor

коэффицие́нт возде́йствия по интегра́лу — integral action coefficient

коэффицие́нт возде́йствия по произво́дной — derivative action coefficient

коэффицие́нт волново́го сопротивле́ния — wave-resistance [wave-drag] coefficient

коэффицие́нт волоче́ния — drag coefficient

коэффицие́нт воспроизводи́мости — repeatability factor

коэффицие́нт воспроизво́дства ( ядерного горючего) — breeding ratio

коэффицие́нт воспроизво́дства, избы́точный ( ядерного горючего) — breeding gain

коэффицие́нт втори́чной эми́ссии — secondary emission ratio

коэффицие́нт вы́годности автотрансформа́тора — co-ratio of an autotransformer

коэффицие́нт га́зового усиле́ния — gas amplification factor

коэффицие́нт геометри́ческого подо́бия — coefficient of geometric similarity

коэффицие́нт гистере́зиса — hysteresis constant

коэффицие́нт гото́вности — availability (factor)

коэффицие́нт дальноме́ра — stadia factor

коэффицие́нт деле́ния (делителя частоты, пересчётной схемы и т. п.) — count-down (ratio), division ratio

коэффицие́нт демпфи́рования — damping factor

коэффицие́нт диэлектри́ческих поте́рь — dielectric loss factor

коэффицие́нт дневно́го освеще́ния — daylight factor

коэффицие́нт добро́тности — (контура, катушки и т. п.) factor of merit Q-factor; ( измерительного прибора) torque-to-weight ratio

коэффицие́нт дове́рия стат. — confidence coefficient

коэффицие́нт дроссели́рования — throttling coefficient

коэффицие́нт ду́бности — degree of tannage, tanning number

коэффицие́нт есте́ственной освещё́нности — daylight factor

коэффицие́нт жё́сткости — stiffness coefficient

жи́дкостный коэффицие́нт кож. — volume [water-to-goods, water-to-pelt] ratio

коэффицие́нт загру́зки — loading factor

коэффицие́нт загру́зки турби́ны — turbine load factor

коэффицие́нт загрязне́ния — fouling factor

коэффицие́нт заня́тия тлф. — call fill

коэффицие́нт запа́здывания — lag coefficient

коэффицие́нт запа́са при отпуска́нии реле́ — safety factor for drop-out

коэффицие́нт запа́са при сраба́тывании реле́ — safety factor for pick-up

коэффицие́нт заполне́ния ( отношение длительности импульса к периоду повторения) — pulse ratio, pulse duty factor

коэффицие́нт заполне́ния обмо́тки — space factor of a winding

коэффицие́нт заполне́ния су́дна — block coefficient of a ship

коэффицие́нт затуха́ния — damping factor; ( линии передачи) attenuation constant

коэффицие́нт защи́тного де́йствия анте́нны — front-to-back ratio of an antenna

коэффицие́нт звукопоглоще́ния — sound absorption coefficient, acoustical absorptivity

коэффицие́нт звукопропуска́ния — sound transmission coefficient acoustical transmittivity

коэффицие́нт зерка́льных поме́х радио — image ratio

коэффицие́нт избы́тка во́здуха — excess-air-coefficient

коэффицие́нт излуче́ния — emissivity

коэффицие́нт инве́рсии — inversion level ratio

коэффицие́нт инду́кции — self-inductance

коэффицие́нт иониза́ции — ionization coefficient

коэффицие́нт искаже́ния — distortion factor

коэффицие́нт искаже́ния площаде́й картогр. — area-distortion ratio

коэффицие́нт искаже́ния форм картогр. — shape-distortion ratio

коэффицие́нт испо́льзования — utilization factor

коэффицие́нт ка́чества ( в радиобиологии) — relative biological effectiveness

коэффицие́нт ка́чества (телегра́фной) свя́зи — error rate of (telegraph) communication

коэффицие́нт кисло́тности — acid number

коэффицие́нт когере́нтности — normalized coherence function

коэффицие́нт контра́стности — gamma

коэффицие́нт концентра́ции свз. — demand [load, capacity] factor

коэффицие́нт концентра́ции напряже́ний (напр. в металле) — notch-sensitivity index

коэффицие́нт концентра́ции телефо́нной нагру́зки — telephone traffic load factor

коэффицие́нт кру́тки — coefficient of twist, twist factor

коэффицие́нт лету́чести — fugacity coefficient

коэффицие́нт лине́йного расшире́ния — coefficient of linear expansion

коэффицие́нт лобово́го сопротивле́ния — drag coefficient

коэффицие́нт массообме́на — mass-transfer coefficient

коэффицие́нт массопереда́чи — mass-transfer coefficient

масшта́бный коэффицие́нт вчт. — scale factor

уточня́ть масшта́бный коэффицие́нт — revise (and improve) scale factor

коэффицие́нт моде́ли ( в моделировании) — coefficient of the model equation

деформи́ровать коэффицие́нты моде́ли — strain the coefficients in the model equation(s)

коэффицие́нт модуля́ции — ( при амплитудной модуляции) брит. depth of modulation; амер. percent modulation; ( при частотной модуляции) modulation index

коэффицие́нт моме́нта — torque coefficient

коэффицие́нт мо́щности — power factor, cos \\

коэффицие́нт нагру́зки эл. — load factor

коэффицие́нт надё́жности — reliability index

коэффицие́нт нака́чки элк. — pumping ratio

коэффицие́нт напра́вленного де́йствия анте́нны — directive (antenna) gain

коэффицие́нт нелине́йного искаже́ния — non-linear distortion [klirr] factor

коэффицие́нт неодновреме́нности — diversity factor

неопределё́нный коэффицие́нт — undetermined coefficient

коэффицие́нт обжа́тия прок. — draft ratio, reduction coefficient

коэффицие́нт обра́тной свя́зи — feedback factor

коэффицие́нт о́бщей полноты́ мор. — block coefficient

коэффицие́нт объедине́ния по вхо́ду элк. — fan-in

коэффицие́нт объё́много расшире́ния — coefficient of volumetric expansion

коэффицие́нт ослабле́ния синфа́зных сигна́лов — common-mode rejection ratio

коэффицие́нт оста́точного сопротивле́ния — residual-resistance coefficient

коэффицие́нт отда́чи — yield efficiency

коэффицие́нт отпуска́ния реле́ — reset factor of a relay

коэффицие́нт отраже́ния — reflectance, reflectivity, reflection factor

переводно́й коэффицие́нт — conversion factor

коэффицие́нт переда́чи элк., автмт. — gain (factor)

коэффицие́нт переда́чи дифференциа́льного регуля́тора — derivative gain (factor)

коэффицие́нт переда́чи интегра́льного регуля́тора — integral gain (factor)

коэффицие́нт переда́чи по напряже́нию — voltage transfer ratio

коэффицие́нт переда́чи преобразова́теля — transducer gain

коэффицие́нт переда́чи пропорциона́льного регуля́тора — proportional gain [factor]

коэффицие́нт переда́чи прямо́го тра́кта — forward-circuit gain

коэффицие́нт перекрё́стных поме́х — crosstalk factor

коэффицие́нт перено́са — (base) transport factor

коэффицие́нт переориенти́рования топ. — overcorrection factor

коэффицие́нт пересчё́та — scaling ratio, scaling factor

коэффицие́нт пло́тности укла́дки ( лесоматериалов) — stacking factor

коэффицие́нт пове́рхностного расшире́ния — coefficient of surface expansion

коэффицие́нт повторе́ния вчт. — replication factor

коэффицие́нт поглоще́ния — absorption factor, absorptance, absorptivity

коэффицие́нт подавле́ния синфа́зной поме́хи — common-mode rejection factor

коэффицие́нт подъё́мной си́лы — lift coefficient

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия [кпд] — efficiency

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия излуче́ния анте́нны — radiation efficiency

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия, индика́торный — indicated efficiency

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия по ано́ду — plate efficiency

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия, тя́говый — propulsion efficiency

коэффицие́нт поле́зного де́йствия, эффекти́вный — effective [net] efficiency

коэффицие́нт по́лного сопротивле́ния — total-resistance coefficient

коэффицие́нт полнодреве́сности — stacking factor

коэффицие́нт полноты́ водоизмеще́ния — block coefficient

коэффицие́нт полноты́ ми́дель-шпанго́ута — midship(-section) coefficient

коэффицие́нт полноты́ пло́щади ватерли́нии — waterplane (area) coefficient

коэффицие́нт полноты́ пло́щади пла́вания — waterplane (area) coefficient

коэффицие́нт полноты́ сгора́ния — combustion efficiency

коэффицие́нт по́лных затра́т — coefficient of overall outlays

коэффицие́нт по́ля эл. — field-form factor

коэффицие́нт попере́чной полноты́ мор. — transverse prismatic coefficient

попра́вочный коэффицие́нт — correction factor

коэффицие́нт попу́тного пото́ка мор. — wake fraction

коэффицие́нт по́ристости — voids ratio

коэффицие́нт поры́вистости — gust factor

постоя́нный коэффицие́нт — constant coefficient

коэффицие́нт поте́рь — loss factor

коэффицие́нт потокосцепле́ния — linkage coefficient

коэффицие́нт преломле́ния — index of refraction, refractive index

коэффицие́нт продо́льной полноты́ мор. — prismatic coefficient

коэффицие́нт проница́емости се́тки ( лампы) — penetration factor, durchgriff, through-grip

коэффицие́нт пропорциона́льного возде́йствия — proportional action (factor)

коэффицие́нт пропорциона́льности — coefficient [factor] of proportionality, proportionality factor

пропульси́вный коэффицие́нт мор. — propulsive coefficient

коэффицие́нт просто́я — downtime rate, downtime ratio

коэффицие́нт профила́ктики — preventive maintenance ratio

коэффицие́нт прямоуго́льности

1. ( магнитных материалов) squareness ratio

2. (усилителей, приёмников) bandwidth ratio, (bandwidth) shape factor, relative bandwidth

коэффицие́нт прямы́х затра́т — cost coefficient

коэффицие́нт Пуассо́на сопр. — Poisson's ratio

коэффицие́нт пульса́ции — ripple factor, ripple ratio, percent ripple

коэффицие́нт пусто́тности — void ratio

коэффицие́нт разбавле́ния — dilution ratio

коэффицие́нт разветвле́ния по вы́ходу элк. — fan-out

коэффицие́нт распростране́ния — propagation factor; ( линии передачи) propagation constant

коэффицие́нт расшире́ния, терми́ческий — thermal coefficient of expansion

коэффицие́нт регре́ссии — coefficient of regression

коэффицие́нт регули́рования — control factor

коэффицие́нт самовыра́внивания — self-regulation

коэффицие́нт самоинду́кции — (self-)inductance

коэффицие́нт свя́зи — coupling coefficient

коэффицие́нт скольже́ния — coefficient of sliding [kinetic] friction

коэффицие́нт скру́тки ( кабеля) — lay ratio

коэффицие́нт слы́шимости — audibility factor

коэффицие́нт стабилиза́ции — stabilization factor

коэффицие́нт стати́ческой оши́бки — position error coefficient

коэффицие́нт стоя́чей волны́ — standing-wave ratio, SWR

коэффицие́нт стоя́чей волны́ по напряже́нию — voltage standing-wave rate, VSWR

коэффицие́нт суже́ния струи́ — contraction coefficient

коэффицие́нт та́ры ваго́на — tare-load ratio of a railway car

коэффицие́нт температу́рного расшире́ния — coefficient of thermal expansion

температу́рный коэффицие́нт — temperature coefficient

температу́рный коэффицие́нт ё́мкости — temperature coefficient of capacitance

температу́рный коэффицие́нт индукти́вности — temperature coefficient of inductance

температу́рный коэффицие́нт сопротивле́ния — temperature coefficient of resistance

температу́рный коэффицие́нт частоты́ — temperature coefficient of frequency

температу́рный коэффицие́нт электродви́жущей си́лы — temperature coefficient of electromotive force

коэффицие́нт температуропрово́дности — thermal diffusivity

коэффицие́нт тензочувстви́тельности — the gauge factor of a strain gauge

коэффицие́нт теплово́го расшире́ния — coefficient of thermal expansion

коэффицие́нт термоэлектродви́жущей си́лы — thermoelectric coefficient

коэффицие́нт трансформа́ции — transformation ratio

коэффицие́нт тре́ния — friction coefficient

коэффицие́нт тре́ния движе́ния — coefficient of sliding [kinetic] friction

коэффицие́нт тре́ния поко́я — coefficient of friction of rest, coefficient of static friction

трёхцве́тный коэффицие́нт (в колориметрии, телевидении) — trichromatic coefficient, chromaticity coordinate

углово́й коэффицие́нт ( прямой линии) — slope

уде́льный коэффицие́нт ( в колориметрии) — relative trichromatic coordinate, distribution coefficient

коэффицие́нт уплотне́ния ( в порошковой металлургии) — compression ratio

коэффицие́нт уса́дки — shrinkage factor, shrinkage ratio

коэффицие́нт усиле́ния

1. ( лампы) amplification factor

2. (каскада, схемы) gain (factor)

коэффицие́нт усиле́ния анте́нны — antenna gain

коэффицие́нт усиле́ния без обра́тной свя́зи — open-loop gain

коэффицие́нт усиле́ния по то́ку — current gain

коэффицие́нт уста́лости — fatigue ratio

коэффицие́нт утри́рования релье́фной ка́рты — ratio of exaggeration

коэффицие́нт фа́зового регули́рования — phase control factor

коэффицие́нт фа́зы ( линии передачи) — phase (shift) constant

коэффицие́нт фо́рмы

1. (напряжения, тока) form factor

2. ( лесоматериала) diameter quotient

холоди́льный коэффицие́нт — coefficient of performance of a refrigerating machine

числово́й коэффицие́нт — numerical coefficient

коэффицие́нт шерохова́тости — roughness factor, roughness coefficient

коэффицие́нт шу́ма — noise factor, noise figure

коэффицие́нт шунти́рования изм. — multiplying power of a shunt

коэффицие́нт экрани́рования — screening number, screening constant

коэффицие́нт электровооружё́нности труда́ — electric power (available) per worker

коэффицие́нт эффекти́вности усили́теля — root gain-bandwidth product

коэффицие́нт я́ркости — luminance factor

n < opt> ■ reflectivity; index of reflectivity; reflective factor; reflection ratio

n < phys> ■ reflection characteristic

to reflect.

* * *

► verbo intransitivo

1 to reflect ( sobre, on), think ( sobre, about)

■ reflexionamos sobre el tema we reflected on the subject

* * *

* * *

VT to reflect on, think about, think over

VI (=considerar) to reflect ( sobre on)

* * *

verbo intransitivo to reflect (frml)

* * *

= ponder (over/on/upon), cogitate, elaborate + thoughts on, mull over, give + (some) thought to, take + a step back, step back.

Ex. If we instruct it to ponder this question more leisurely, it will quickly try the user's patience with digressions concerning the less illustrious senior MOZART, LEOPOLD.

Ex. 'We've been loading quite a few things on you, Laura! Do you have any questions?', the young woman cogitated.

Ex. It does not help to further elaborate thoughts on what a national library is.

Ex. Hawthorne sat alone at her table, mulling over Gordon's remarks = Hawthorne estaba sentado solo en su mesa, dándole vueltas a los comentarios de Gordon.

Ex. I encourage the reader to give thought to the longer case studies that have appeared in the library press.

Ex. To make sure why we believe it important to bring up children as willing, avid, responsive readers of literature we have to take a step back and sort out why literature is important to ourselves.

Ex. Before that, however, let us step back for a moment and look at the total picture from the user's point of view.

----

* detenerse a reflexionar = stand back.

* hacer reflexionar = food for thought.

* que hacer reflexionar = provocative of.

* reflexionar sobre = reflect (on), take + stock of, muse (over/on/upon).

* si nos detenemos a reflexionar sobre ello = on reflection.

* sin reflexionar = rashly.

* * *

verbo intransitivo to reflect (frml)

* * *

reflexionar (sobre)

* * *

reflexionar [A1 ]

to reflect ( frml)

reflexiona antes de tomar una decisión think about it o reflect on it before you make a decision

¿has reflexionado bien? have you thought it over o through fully?

no reflexiona she doesn't think (about things)

tomó la decisión sin reflexionar she took the decision without thinking

reflexionar SOBRE algo to think ABOUT sth, reflect ON sth ( frml)

he estado reflexionando sobre lo que dijo I've been thinking about o reflecting on what you said, I've given some thought to what you said

* * *

◊ ¿has reflexionado bien? have you thought it over o through carefully?;

* * *

♦ vi

to think ( sobre about), to reflect ( sobre on);

actuó sin reflexionar she acted without thinking

♦ vt

to think about, to consider

* * *

v/t reflect on, ponder

* * *

reflexionar vi

: to reflect, to think

* * *

reflexionar vb to reflect / to think about [pt. & pp. thought]

refraction.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 refraction

\

ángulo de refracción angle of refraction

índice de refracción refractive index

refracción doble double refraction, birefringence

* * *

SF refraction

* * *

femenino refraction

* * *

= refraction.

Ex. The seismometer is used for seismographic applications and structural studies in reflection and refraction experiments.

----

* de refracción = refractive.

* * *

femenino refraction

* * *

* * *

refraction

* * *

refracción nf

refraction

* * *

f FÍS refraction

* * *

refracción nf, pl - ciones : refraction

 

коэффициент отражения вследствие неоднородностей
—
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• irregularity reflection coefficient

 

обратное отражение
—
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• back reflection

 

отражение Френеля
—
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• Frenel reflection

 

распространение за счет ионосферного отражения
Ионосферное распространение на достаточно низких частотах, на которых при данных условиях сигнал сквозь ионосферу распространяться не может; при этом радиоволна подвергается последовательной рефракции, которая при наблюдении с достаточно большого расстояния может рассматриваться как эквивалент отражению от гипотетической поверхности. (МСЭ-R V.573-4).
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]

Тематики

• электросвязь, основные понятия

EN

• propagation by ionospheric reflection

λόγος, ου, ὁ (verbal noun of λέγω in the sense ‘pick’; Hom.+).

① a communication whereby the mind finds expression, word

ⓐ of utterance, chiefly oral.

α. as expression, word (oratorical ability plus exceptional performance were distinguishing marks in Hellenic society, hence the frequent association of λ. and ἔργον ‘deed’; a sim. formulation as early as Il. 9, 443 μύθων τε ῥητῆρʼ ἔμεναι πρηκτῆρά τε ἔργων; Polystrat. p. 33 μὴ λόγῳ μόνον ἀλλʼ ἔργω; Just., A II, 4, 2 ἢ λόγῳ ἢ ἔργῳ and D. 35, 7 λόγον ἢ πρᾶξιν) δυνατὸς ἐν ἔργῳ κ. λόγῳ, i.e. an exceptional personage Lk 24:19; pl. of Moses Ac 7:22 (the contrast expressed w. a verb Choix 20, 6–8 ποιεῖ ἀγαθὸν ὄτι δύναται καὶ λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ of Apollordorus, a benefactor in Cyzicus, a flourishing city in Phrygia; sim. New Docs 7, 233, no. 10, 8f πολιτευόμενος … λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ; cp. IKourion 32, 8; without contrast Diod S 13, 101, 3 ἄνδρας λόγῳ δυνατούς; for sim. constructions using λέγω and πράσσω s. Danker, Benefactor 339–43). Cp. Ro 15:18; 2 Cor 10:11; Col 3:17; 2 Th 2:17; Hb 13:21 v.l.; 1J 3:18 (cp. Theognis 1, 87f Diehl³ μή μʼ ἔπεσιν μὲν στέργε κτλ.—For the contrast λόγῳ … ἀληθείᾳ cp. Diod S 13, 4, 1). In contrast to a sinful deed we also have the λόγος ἁμαρτίας sinful word Judaicon 172, 9. W. γνῶσις: ἐν παντὶ λόγῳ κ. πάσῃ γνώσει 1 Cor 1:5. ἰδιώτης τῷ λόγῳ, ἀλλʼ οὐ τῇ γνώσει 2 Cor 11:6. (Opp. δύναμις ‘revelation of power’) 1 Cor 4:19, 20. τὸ εὐαγγέλιον οὐκ ἐγενήθη ἐν λόγῳ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν δυνάμει 1 Th 1:5 (cp. Ar. 13, 7 of mythical accounts οὐδέν εἰσιν εἰ μὴ μόνον λόγοι ‘they’re nothing but words’). W. ἐπιστολή: 2 Th 2:2, 15. W. ἀναστροφή: 1 Ti 4:12; 1 Pt 3:1b. Opp. ‘be silent’: IRo 2:1.—μόνον εἰπὲ λόγῳ just say the word Mt 8:8; cp. Lk 7:7 (Ath. 17, 1 ὡς λόγῳ εἰπεῖν; 29, 2; Phalaris, Ep. 121, 1 λόγῳ λέγειν; cp. schol. on Pla. 341a ἐν λόγῳ μόνον εἰπεῖν). οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο ἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ λόγον no one was able to answer him a (single) word Mt 22:46; cp. 15:23 (cp. TestAbr A 16 p. 98, 11 [Stone p. 44] οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ λόγον).— The (mighty) word (of one who performs miracles) ἐξέβαλεν τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Mt 8:16 (a rare use of λ. as ‘single utterance’, s. L-S-J-M s.v. VII).—διὰ λόγου by word of mouth (opp. ‘by letter’) Ac 15:27.—In the textually uncertain pass. Ac 20:24 the text as it stands in N., οὐδενὸς λόγου (v.l. λόγον) ποιοῦμαι τὴν ψυχὴν τιμίαν, may well mean: I do not consider my life worth a single word (cp. λόγου ἄξιον [ἄξιος 1a] and our ‘worth mention’; s. Conzelmann ad loc.).

β. The expression may take on a variety of formulations or topical nuances: what you say Mt 5:37; statement (PGM 4, 334) Lk 20:20; question (Sext. Emp., Math. 8, 295; 9, 133; Diog. L. 2, 116) ἐρωτήσω ὑμᾶς λόγον I will ask you a question (cp. TestJob 36:5; GrBar 5:1; ApcSed 13:6; Jos., Ant. 12, 99) Mt 21:24; cp. Mk 11:29; Lk 20:3; prayer (PGM 1, 25; 4, 90; 179; 230 al.; 5, 180; 196 al.) Mt 26:44; Mk 14:39. ἡγούμενος τοῦ λ. principal speaker Ac 14:12. W. epexeget. gen. λ. παρακλήσεως 13:15. W. κήρυγμα our manner of presentation and our proclamation 1 Cor 2:4a (but s. comm.). (W. διδασκαλία) preaching 1 Ti 5:17; prophecy (Biogr. p. 364 [Pythia]) J 2:22; 18:32. Command (Aeschyl., Pers. 363) Lk 4:36; 2 Pt 3:5, 7; via a letter 2 Th 3:14. Report, story (X., An. 1, 4, 7; Diod S 3, 40, 9; 19, 110, 1 λ. διαδιδόναι=spread a report; Appian, Iber. 80 §346, Maced. 4 §1 [both=rumor]; Diod S 32, 15, 3 ἦλθεν ὁ λ. ἐπί τινα=the report came to someone; Arrian, Anab. 7, 22, 1 λόγος λέγεται τοιόσδε=a story is told like this, Ind. 9, 2; Diod S 3, 18, 3 λ.=story, account; Jos., Ant. 19, 132; Tat. 27, 2 τοῦ καθʼ Ἡρακλέα λόγου) Mt 28:15; Mk 1:45; Lk 5:15 (λ. περί τινος as X., An. 6, 6, 13; Jos., Ant. 19, 127) 7:17; J 21:23. ἠκούσθη ὁ λόγος εἰς τὰ ὦτα τ. ἐκκλησίας the report came to the ears of the assembly in Jerusalem Ac 11:22. λόγον ἔχειν σοφίας have the appearance of wisdom, pass for wisdom Col 2:23 (cp. Pla., Epinomis 987b ἔχει λόγον; Demosth., C. Lept. 462 [20, 18] λόγον τινʼ ἔχον; but mng. 2f is possible). Proverb (Pla., Phdr. 17, 240c, Symp. 18, 195b, Gorg. 54, 499c, Leg. 6, 5, 757a; Socrat., Ep. 22, 1) J 4:37 (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 13, 7 ἀληθῶς ἐν τούτῳ ὁ λ. foll. by a proverb). Proclamation, instruction, teaching, message Lk 4:32; 10:39; J 4:41; 17:20; Ac 2:41; 4:4; 10:44; 20:7; 1 Cor 1:17; 2:1. In Ac18:15 ζητήματα περὶ λόγου καὶ ὀνομάτων καὶ νόμου the sense appears to be someth. like this: controversial issues involving disputes about words and your way of life with λ. prob. referring to the presentation of controversial subjects, which in turn arouses heated ζητήματα debates. λόγος σοφίας proclamation of wisdom, speaking wisely 1 Cor 12:8a (Ps.-Phoc. 129 τῆς θεοπνεύστου σοφίης λ.); corresp. λ. γνώσεως vs. 8b. Cp. 14:9; 15:2; 2 Cor 1:18; 6:7; 10:10. λ. μαρτυρίας word of witness Rv 12:11. ὁ κατὰ τ. διδαχὴν πιστὸς λ. the message of faith, corresponding to the teaching Tit 1:9; the opp. 2 Ti 2:17. A speech (Aristot. p. 14b, 2; Diod S 40, 5a) διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ in a long speech Ac 15:32; cp. 20:2. λ. κολακείας flattering speech 1 Th 2:5. Speaking gener. 2 Cor 8:7; Eph 6:19; Col 4:6; D 2:5. ἐν λόγῳ πταίειν make a mistake in what one says Js 3:2.—Of God’s word, command, commission (LXX; ParJer 5:19 κατηχῆσαι αὐτοὺς τὸν λόγον; SyrBar 13:2; ApcSed 14:10; Just., D. 84, 2; Ael. Aristid. hears a ἱερὸς λ. at night fr. a god: 28, 116 K.=49, p. 529 D.; Sextus 24) ἠκυρώσατε τ. λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ Mt 15:6 (v.l. νόμον, ἐντολήν); cp. Mk 7:13.—J 5:38; 8:55; 10:35; Ro 3:4 (Ps 50:6). Of God’s promise Ro 9:6, 9 (but these two vss., and Gal 5:14 below, prob. fit better under 2a), 28 (Is 10:22f). Cp. Hb 2:2; 4:2 (s. ἀκοή 4b); 7:28; 12:19. For B 15:1 see 1aδ. The whole law (as the expr. εἴ τι ἑτέρα ἐντολή indicates not limited to a narrow list of commandments), acc. to Ro 13:9. In what is prob. a play on words (s. 2a and b), Gal 5:14 (s. 2a below) is summed up in the λόγος as expressed in Lev 19:18.—That which God has created ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ 1 Ti 4:5; in line w. the context, this hardly refers to God’s creative word (so SibOr 3, 20; PtK 2; πάντα γὰρ λόγῳ ποιήσας ὁ θεός Theoph. Ant. 2, 18 [144, 8]), but to table prayers which use biblical expressions. The divine word as judge of thoughts Hb 4:12. τελεσθήσονται οἱ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 17:17; cp. 19:9.—Of the divine revelation through Christ and his messengers (Just., A I, 61, 9 λόγον … παρὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐμάθομεν τοῦτον) θεὸς ἐφανέρωσεν τὸν λ. αὐτοῦ ἐν κηρύγματι Tit 1:3. δέδωκα αὐτοῖς τὸν λ. σου J 17:14; cp. vss. 6, 17; 1J 1:10; 2:14. ἵνα μὴ ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ βλασφημῆται Tit 2:5. The apostles and other preachers, w. ref. to the λόγος of God, are said to: λαλεῖν Ac 4:29, 31; 13:46; Phil 1:14; Hb 13:7; καταγγέλλειν Ac 13:5; 17:13; διδάσκειν 18:11; μαρτυρεῖν Rv 1:2. Of their hearers it is said: τὸν λ. τοῦ θεοῦ ἀκούειν Ac 13:7; δέχεσθαι 8:14; 11:1. Of the λ. τοῦ θεοῦ itself we read: ηὔξανεν Ac 6:7; 12:24; 19:20; οὐ δέδεται 2 Ti 2:9. In these places and many others ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ is simply the Christian message, the gospel: Lk 5:1; 8:11, 21; 11:28 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 1, 20 μὴ μόνον ἀκουόντων ἀλλὰ πασχόντων καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν λόγων=let the message have its effect on oneself); Ac 6:2 (s. καταλείπω 7c; for prob. commercial metaph. s. 2a below); 13:44 v.l. (for κυρίου); 16:32 v.l.; 1 Cor 14:36; 2 Cor 2:17; 4:2; Col 1:25; 1 Pt 1:23; Rv 1:9; 6:9; 20:4; IPhld 11:1. Cp. 1 Th 2:13ab; 1J 2:5.—Since this ‘divine word’ is brought to humanity through Christ, his word can be used in the same sense: ὁ λόγος μου J 5:24; cp. 8:31, 37, 43, 51f; 12:48; 14:23f; 15:3, 20b; Rv 3:8. ὁ λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ Col 3:16; cp. Hb 6:1. ὁ λ. τοῦ κυρίου Ac 8:25; 12:24 v.l.; 13:44, 48f; 14:25 v.l.; 15:35, 36; 16:32 (cp. λ. θεοῦ); 19:10; 1 Th 1:8; 2 Th 3:1. Pl. Mk 8:38 (Lk 9:26); 1 Ti 6:3; cp. Lk 24:44; s. also 1aδ.—Or it is called simply ὁ λόγος=the ‘Word’, for no misunderstanding would be possible among Christians: Mt 13:20–23; Mk 2:2; 4:14–20, 33; 8:32 (s. 1aε below); 16:20; Lk 1:2; 8:12f, 15; Ac 6:4; 8:4; 10:36 (on the syntax s. FNeirynck, ETL 60, ’84, 118–23); 11:19; 14:25 (cp. λ. κυρίου above); 16:6; 17:11; 18:5; Gal 6:6; Phil 1:14; Col 4:3; 1 Th 1:6; 2 Ti 4:2; Js 1:21ff; 1 Pt 2:8; 3:1; 1J 2:7; AcPl Ha 7, 6 (so also Mel., HE 4, 26, 13; Ath. 2, 3).—Somet. the ‘Word’ is more closely defined by a gen.: ὁ λ. τῆς βασιλείας the word of the reign/rule (of God) Mt 13:19. τῆς σωτηρίας Ac 13:26. τῆς καταλλαγῆς 2 Cor 5:19. τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 Cor 1:18. δικαιοσύνης (q.v. 3a) Hb 5:13. ζωῆς Phil 2:16. (τῆς) ἀληθείας (Theoph. Ant. 3, 4 [p. 212, 2]; cp. περὶ ἀληθείας Hippol., Ref. 10, 6, 1) Eph 1:13; Col 1:5; 2 Ti 2:15; Js 1:18; AcPl Ha 8, 8 (Just., D. 121, 2). τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ κυρίου) Ac 14:3; 20:32. (Differently the pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. χάριτος gracious words Lk 4:22; cp. Marcellinus, Vi. Thu. 57 Hude λόγοι εἰρωνείας.) ὁ λ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Ac 15:7; ὁ τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ λ. MPol 10:1. In Rv 3:10 the gospel is described by the ‘One who has the key of David’ as ὁ λ. τῆς ὑπομονῆς μου my word of endurance (W-S. §30, 12c). λ. τῶν ὑ[πο]μονῶν AcPl Ha 6, 11. παρελάβετε τὸν λ. ὅτι AcPl Ha 8, 25.—The pastoral letters favor the expr. πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (sc. ἐστίν, and s. πιστός 1b) 1 Ti 1:15; 3:1; 4:9; 2 Ti 2:11; Tit 3:8; cp. Rv 21:5; 22:6. λ. ὑγιής sound preaching Tit 2:8; cp. the pl. ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι 2 Ti 1:13 (on medicinal use of words for the mind or soul s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96, 115–22, on Eur.).—The pl. is also used gener. of Christian teachings, the words of the gospel Lk 1:4 (s. κατηχέω 2a); 1 Th 4:18. οἱ λ. τῆς πίστεως 1 Ti 4:6. On λόγοι κυριακοί for λόγια κυριακά in the title of the Papias document s. ἐξήγησις 2.—JSchniewind, Die Begriffe Wort und Evangelium bei Pls, diss. Bonn 1910; RAsting (εὐαγγέλιον, end).

γ. of an individual declaration or remark: assertion, declaration, speech ἀκούσαντες τὸν λ. when they heard the statement Mt 15:12; cp. 19:11, 22; 22:15; Mk 5:36. διὰ τοῦτον τὸν λ. because of this statement of yours 7:29 (TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 29 [Stone p. 38] τὸν λ. τοῦτον; ApcMos 25 εἰς τὸν λόγον σου κρινῶ σε). Cp. 10:22; 12:13; Lk 1:29; 22:61 v.l. (for ῥήματος); J 4:39, 50; 6:60; 7:36, 40 v.l.; 15:20a; 18:9; 19:8; Ac 6:5; 7:29; 20:38; 22:22; 1 Th 4:15. ὸ̔ς ἐὰν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου whoever utters a (defamatory) word against the Son of Humanity Mt 12:32 (λ. εἰπεῖν κατά τινος as Jos., Ant. 15, 81); cp. Lk 12:10. λόγος σαπρός unwholesome talk Eph 4:29. λόγον ποιεῖσθαι make a speech Ac 11:2 D (cp. Hyperid. 3, 20; Jos., Ant. 11, 86).

δ. the pl. (οἱ) λόγοι is used, on the one hand, of words uttered on various occasions, of speeches or instruction given here and there by humans or transcendent beings (TestAbr A 14 p. 94, 19 [Stone p. 36]; Jos., Ant. 4, 264; Just., D. 100, 3) ἐκ τῶν λόγων σου δικαιωθήσῃ (καταδικασθήσῃ) Mt 12:37ab; 24:35; Mk 13:31; Lk 21:33; Ac 2:40; 7:22 (ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις αὐτοῦ. On the word-deed pair cp. Dio Chrys. 4, 6 the λόγοι and ἔργα of Diogenes; s. α above). οἱ δέκα λόγοι the ten commandments (Ex 34:28; Dt 10:4; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 168, Decal. 32; Jos., Ant. 3, 138; cp. 91f; Did., Gen. 36, 10) B 15:1. Ac 15:24; 20:35; 1 Cor 2:4b, 13; 14:19ab; κενοὶ λ. Eph 5:6; AcPl Ox 6, 13 (cp. Aa 1, 241, 14); Dg 8:2; πλαστοὶ λ. 2 Pt 2:3. λ. πονηροί 3J 10.—Also of words and exprs. that form a unity, whether it be connected discourse (Jos., Ant. 15, 126; Just., A II, 12, 6, D. 11, 5; 81, 3 al.), a conversation, or parts of one and the same teaching, or expositions on the same subject (Diod S 16, 2, 3 μετέσχε τῶν Πυθαγορίων λόγων; Dio Chrys. 37 [54], 1; Ael. Aristid. 50, 55 K.=26 p. 519 D.: οἱ Πλάτωνος λόγοι; PsSol 17:43 [words of the Messiah]; AscIs 3:12 οἱ λόγοι τοῦ Βελχειρά) πᾶς ὅστις ἀκούει μου τοὺς λόγους τούτους Mt 7:24; cp. vss. 26, 28; 10:14; 19:1; 26:1; Mk 10:24; Lk 1:20; 6:47; 9:28, 44. ἐπηρώτα αὐτὸν ἐν λόγοις ἱκανοῖς he questioned him at some length 23:9. τίνες οἱ λ. οὗτοι οὓς ἀντιβάλλετε; what is this conversation that you are holding? 24:17; J 7:40 (s. γ); 10:19; J 14:24a; 19:13; Ac 2:22; 5:5, 24; 16:36; 2 Ti 4:15; 1 Cl 13:1; 46:7. λόγοις φθοριμαίοις AcPlCor 1:2.

ε. the subject under discussion, matter, thing gener. (Theognis 1055 Diehl; Hdt. 8, 65 μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λόγον τοῦτον εἴπῃς. Cp. Hebr. דָּבָר) τὸν λ. ἐκράτησαν they took up the subject Mk 9:10; cp. Mt. 21:24 (s. 1aβ beg.). οὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ you have no share in this matter Ac 8:21. ἰδεῖν περὶ τ. λόγου τούτου look into this matter 15:6. ἔχειν πρός τινα λόγον have a complaint against someone (cp. Demosth. 35, 55 ἐμοὶ πρὸς τούτους ὁ λόγος; PIand 16, 3 δίκαιον λόγον ἔχει πρὸς σέ) 19:38. παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (2d is also prob.).—Perh. also Mk 8:32 he discussed the subject quite freely (but s. 1aβ above).

ⓑ of literary or oratorical productions: of the separate books of a work (Hdt. 5, 36 ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τ. λόγων; Pla., Parmen. 2, 127d ὁ πρῶτος λόγος; Philo, Omn. Prob. Lib. 1 ὁ μὲν πρότερος λόγος ἦν ἡμῖν, ὦ Θεόδοτε, περὶ τοῦ …) treatise Ac 1:1 (s. on the prologue to Ac: AHilgenfeld, ZWT 41, 1898, 619ff; AGercke, Her 29, 1894, 373ff; RLaqueur, Her 46, 1911, 161ff; Norden, Agn. Th. 311ff; JCreed, JTS 35, ’34, 176–82; Goodsp., Probs. 119–21). Παπίας … πέντε λόγους κυριακῶν λογίων ἔγραψεν Papias (11:1; cp. 3:1 e; 11:2; 12:2).—περὶ οὗ πολὺς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος about this we have much to say Hb 5:11. Hb is described as ὁ λ. τῆς παρακλήσεως a word of exhortation (in literary form) 13:22. Of writings that are part of Holy Scripture ὁ λ. Ἠσαί̈ου J 12:38. ὁ λ. ὁ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ γεγραμμένος 15:25; ὁ προφητικὸς λ. 2 Pt 1:19; 2 Cl 11:2 (quot. of unknown orig.); AcPl Ha 8, 27/BMM recto 35 (Just., D. 77, 2 al.). ὁ ἅγιος λ. the holy word 1 Cl 56:3. ὁ λ. ὁ γεγραμμένος 1 Cor 15:54 (Is 25:8 and Hos 13:14 follow). Pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. προφητῶν Ac 15:15. ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαί̈ου Lk 3:4 (Pla., 7th Epistle 335a πείθεσθαι ἀεὶ χρὴ τοῖς παλαιοῖς καὶ ἱεροῖς λόγοις; TestJob 1:1 βίβλος λόγων Ἰώβ; ParJer 9:32 v.l. τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν λόγων Ἱερεμίου; ApcEsdr 1:1 καὶ ἀποκάλυψις τοῦ … Ἐσδράμ; ApcSed prol.; Just., D. 72, 3f).—Of the content of Rv: ὁ ἀναγινώσκων τ. λόγους τῆς προφητείας 1:3. οἱ λόγοι (τ. προφητείας) τ. βιβλίου τούτου 22:7, 9f, 18f.

② computation, reckoning

ⓐ a formal accounting, esp. of one’s actions, and freq. with fig. extension of commercial terminology account, accounts, reckoning λόγον δοῦναι (Hdt. 8, 100; X., Cyr. 1, 4, 3; Diod S 3, 46, 4; SIG 1099, 16; BGU 164, 21; Jos., Ant. 16, 120; Just., D. 115, 6) give account, make an accounting ἕκαστος περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει τ. θεῷ Ro 14:12. Also λ. ἀποδοῦναι abs. (Just., D. 116, 1 al.; Diod S 16, 56, 4; 19, 9, 4) Hb 13:17. τινί to someone (Diod S 16, 27, 4; Plut., Alcib. 7, 3; Chariton 7, 6, 2; SIG 631, 13 τᾷ πόλει; 2 Ch 34:28; Da 6:3 Theod.; Jos., Bell. 1, 209) τῷ ἑτοίμως ἔχοντι κρῖναι 1 Pt 4:5. τινὸς of someth. (SIG 1044, 46; 1105, 10 τοῦ ἀναλώματος; Jos., Ant. 19, 307) Lk 16:2 (here λ. w. the art.; on the subject of undergoing an audit cp. Aeschin. 3, 22). Likew. περί τινος (Diod S 18, 60, 2 δοὺς αὑτῷ περὶ τούτων λόγον=taking account [considering] with himself; BGU 98, 25 περὶ τούτου) Mt 12:36; Ac 19:40. ὑπέρ τινος concerning someone Hv 3, 9, 10.—αἰτεῖν τινα λόγον περί τινος call someone to account for someth. 1 Pt 3:15 (cp. Pla., Pol. 285e; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 30; Apc4Esdr Fgm. b ἕκαστος ὑπὸ τοῦ οἰκείου ἔργου τὸν λόγον ἀπαιτηθήσεται; Just., A I, 17, 4. For another perspective s. d below.).—Of banking responsibility ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ (PStras 72, 10 [III A.D.] ὁ τῶν θεῶν λ.; PHerm 108 [III A.D.] λ. τοῦ Σαραπείου) in wordplay Ac 6:2 (w. τράπεζα q.v. 1c); s. also 1aβ.—Of a ledger heading (POxy 1333 [II/III A.D.] δὸς αὐτῳ λόγῳ θεωρικῶν=credit him under ‘festivals’; for others s. Preisig., Wörterbuch s.v. λ. 14; s. also Fachwörter 119) Ro 9:6 (the point is that God’s ‘list’ of Israelites is accurate; on ἐκπίπτω in the sense ‘is not deficient’ s. s.v. 4); vs. 9 (the ‘count’ is subsumed by metonymy in divine promise); Gal 5:14 (all moral obligations come under one ‘entry’: ‘you shall love your neighbor as yourself’; for commercial association of ἀναλίσκω vs. 15, which rounds out the wordplay, s. s.v.). The contexts of these three passages suggest strong probability for commercial associations; for another view s. 1aβ.

ⓑ settlement (of an account) (εἰς λόγον commercial t.t. ‘in settlement of an account’ POxy 275, 19; 21) εἰς λόγον δόσεως κ. λήμψεως in settlement of a mutual account (lit., ‘of giving and receiving’, ‘of debit and credit’) Phil 4:15 (cp. Plut., Mor. 11b λόγον δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν; a parallel formulation POxy 1134,10 [421 A.D.] λ. λήμματος καὶ ἐξοδιασμοῦ=ledger of income and expenditures); for the linked accounting terms δόσις and λήμψις s. PCairMasp 151, 208 [VI A.D.]. The same ideas are in the background of εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν credited to your account vs 17.—συναίρειν λόγον settle accounts (BGU 775, 18f. The mid. in the same mng. PFay109, 6 [I A.D.]; POxy 113, 27f.—Dssm., LO 94 [LAE 118f]) μετά τινος Mt 18:23; 25:19.

ⓒ reflection, respect, regard εἰς λόγον τινός with regard to, for the sake of (Thu. 3, 46, 4; Demosth. 19, 142 εἰς ἀρετῆς λόγον; Polyb. 11, 28, 8; Ath. 31, 1; Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 743 D.: εἰς δεινότητος λ.) εἰς λ. τιμῆς IPhld 11:2. εἰς λ. θεοῦ ISm 10:1.

ⓓ reason for or cause of someth., reason, ground, motive (Just., D. 94, 3 δότε μοι λόγον, ὅτου χάριν … ; Ath. 30, 3 τὶς γὰρ … λόγος; Dio Chrys. 64 [14], 18 ἐκ τούτου τ. λόγου; Appian, Hann. 29 §126 τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 155) τίνι λόγω; for what reason? Ac 10:29 (cp. Pla., Gorg. 512c τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; Appian, Mithrid. 57 §232 τίνι λόγῳ;). λόγον περὶ τῆς ἐν ὑμῖν ἐλπίδος 1 Pt 3:15 (but s. a above); κατὰ λόγον Ac 18:14 (s. κατά B 5bβ). παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (though 1aε is also poss.).

ⓔ πρὸς ὸ̔ν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος (ἐστίν) with whom we have to do (i.e. to reckon) (Dio Chrys. 31, 123; other exx. in FBleek, Hb II/1, 1836, 590ff), in his capacity as judge (Libanius, Legat. Ulixis [=Declamatio IV] 2 F. τοῖς δὲ ἀδίκως ἀποκτενοῦσι καὶ πρὸς θεοὺς καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους ὁ λόγος γίγνεται) Hb 4:13. οὐ πρὸς σάρκα ὁ λόγος, ἀλλὰ πρὸς θεόν he has to do not with flesh, but with God IMg 3:2.

ⓕ In Col 2:23 (s. 1aβ) λόγον μὲν ἔχοντα σοφίας may= make a case for wisdom (cp. λόγος ἡμῖν οὐδείς Plut., Mor. 870b).

③ the independent personified expression of God, the Logos. Our lit. shows traces of a way of thinking that was widespread in contemporary syncretism, as well as in Jewish wisdom lit. and Philo, the most prominent feature of which is the concept of the Logos, the independent, personified ‘Word’ (of God): GJs 11:2 (word of the angel to Mary) συνλήμψῃ ἐκ Λόγου αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ πάντων Δεσπότου). J 1:1abc, 14 (cp. Just., A I, 23, 2; Mel., P. 9, 61 and oft. by all apolog., exc.. Ar.). It is the distinctive teaching of the Fourth Gospel that this divine ‘Word’ took on human form in a historical person, that is, in Jesus (s. RSeeberg, Festgabe für AvHarnack ’21, 263–81.—Λόγος w. ζωή in gnostic speculation: Iren.1, 1, 1 [Harv. 1, 10, 4]; Aelian, VH 4, 20 ἐκάλουν τὸν Πρωταγόραν Λόγον. Similarly Favorinus [II A.D.]: Vorsokr. 80 A 1 ln. 22 [in Diog. L. 9, 50] of Democritus: ἐκαλεῖτο Σοφία. Equating a divinity with an abstraction that she personifies: Artem. 5, 18 φρόνησις εἶναι νομίζεται ἡ θεός [Athena]). Cp. 1J 1:1; Rv 19:13. εἷς θεός ἐστιν, ὁ φανερώσας ἑαυτὸν διὰ Ἰ. Χριστοῦ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ὅς ἐστιν αὐτοῦ λόγος, ἀπὸ σιγῆς προελθών there is one God, who has revealed himself through Jesus Christ his Son, who is his ‘Word’ proceeding from silence (i.e., without an oral pronouncement: in a transcendent manner) IMg 8:2 (s. σιγή). The Lord as νόμος κ. λόγος PtK 1. Cp. Dg 11:2, 3, 7, 8; 12:9.—HClavier, TManson memorial vol., ’59, 81–93: the Alexandrian eternal λόγος is also implied in Hb 4:12; 13:7.—S. also the ‘Comma Johanneum’ (to the bibliography in RGG³ I, ’54 [HGreeven] add AJülicher, GGA 1905, 930–35; AvHarnack, SBBerlAk 1915, 572f [=Studien I ’31, 151f]; MMeinertz, Einl. in d. NT⁴ ’33, 309–11; AGreiff, TQ 114, ’33, 465–80; CDodd, The Joh. Epistles ’46; WThiele, ZNW 50, ’59, 61–73) ὁ πατήρ, ὁ λόγος καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα 1J 5:7 v.l. (s. N. app.; Borger, TRu 52, ’87, 57f). (Such interpolations were not unheard of. According to Diog. L. 1, 48 some people maintain that Solon inserted the verse mentioning the Athenians after Il. 2, 557.—τῆς τριάδος, τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ λόγου αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς σοφίας αὐτοῦ Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 19].)—On the Logos: EZeller, D. Philosophie der Griechen III 2⁴ 1903, 417–34; MHeinze, D. Lehre v. Logos in d. griech. Philosophie 1872; PWendland, Philo u. d. kynisch-stoische Diatribe (Beiträge z. Gesch. der griech. Philosophie u. Religion by Wendl. and OKern 1895, 1–75); AAall, Gesch. d. Logosidee 1896, 1899; MPohlenz, D. Stoa ’48f, I 482; 490 (index); LDürr, D. Wertung des göttl. Wortes im AT u. im ant. Orient ’38 (§9 of the Joh. Logos); EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 83–111; (² ’25); JLebreton, Les théories du Logos au début de l’ère chrétienne 1907; ESchwartz, NGG 1908, 537–56; GVos, The Range of the Logos-Title in the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel: PTR 11, 1913, 365–419; 557–602; RHarris, The Origin of the Prologue to St. John’s Gospel 1917, Athena, Sophia and the Logos: BJRL 7, 1, 1922 p. 56–72; M-JLagrange, Vers le Logos de S. Jean: RB 32, 1923, 161–84, Le Logos de Philon: ibid. 321–71; HLeisegang, Logos: Pauly-W. XIII 1926, 1035–81; TGlasson, Heraclitus’ Alleged Logos Doctr., JTS 3, ’52, 231–38.—NWeinstein, Z. Genesis d. Agada 1901, 29–90; Billerb. II 302–33.—Rtzst., Zwei religionsgeschichtl. Fragen 1901, 47–132, Mysterienrel.³ 1927, 428 index; WBousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921, 304ff; 316f; JKroll, D. Lehren d. Hermes Trismegistos1914, 418 index.—RBultmann, D. religionsgesch. Hintergrund des Prol. z. Joh.: HGunkel Festschr., 1923, II 1–26, Comm. ’41, 5ff; AAlexander, The Johannine Doctrine of the Logos: ET 36, 1925, 394–99; 467–72; (Rtzst. and) HSchaeder, Studien z. antiken Synkretismus 1926, 306–37; 350; GAvdBerghvanEysinga, In den beginne was de Logos: NThT 23, ’34, 105–23; JDillersberger, Das Wort von Logos ’35; RBury, The 4th Gosp. and the Logos-Doctrine ’40; EMay, CBQ 8, ’46, 438–47; GKnight, From Moses to Paul ’49, 120–29. TW IV 76–89; 126–40 (on this s. SLyonnet, Biblica 26, ’45, 126–31); CStange, ZST 21, ’50, 120–41; MBoismard, Le Prologue de St. Jean ’53; HLangkammer, BZ 9, ’65, 91–94; HRinggren, Word and Wisdom [hypostatization in Near East] ’47; WEltester, Haenchen Festschr., ’64, 109–34; HWeiss, Untersuchungen zur Kosmologie etc., TU 97, ’66, 216–82; MRissi, Die Logoslieder im Prolog des vierten Evangeliums, TZ 31, ’75, 321–36; HLausberg, NAWG, Ph. ’87, 1 pp. 1–7.—B. 1262. DELG s.v. λέγω B 1. M-M. EDNT. TW.

1) counter

n < opt> (einer Fläche) ■ reflecting power; luminous reflectance; reflectance

n < opt> (Verhältnis reflektiertes zu ausgesendetem Licht) ■ reflectance stand ; reflectance factor stand

n < opt> ■ reflectivity; index of reflectivity; reflective factor; reflection ratio

n < phys> ■ reflectivity

nsg < phys> ■ reflectivity